Club Foot (CTEV)
Comprehensive diagnosis, symptoms, causes, and treatment options
What is Foot Drop?
Club foot is a congenital foot deformity present at birth, in which one or both feet are twisted inward and downward. Though visually striking, the condition is highly treatable when addressed early. With expert care, children with club foot can achieve normal, pain-free walking and full participation in daily activities.
Symptoms
- Foot turned inward and downward
- Rigid or stiff foot position
- Smaller-appearing foot or calf on the affected side
- Limited ankle and foot movement
- Difficulty with normal foot placement as the child grows
Causes
- Congenital developmental factors during pregnancy
- Genetic predisposition or family history
- Abnormal muscle and tendon balance
- Rare association with neurological or syndromic conditions
- Most cases occur without any underlying medical disorder
Treatment Options
Early treatment—ideally within the first few weeks of life—yields the best outcomes.
Non-Surgical Care (Gold Standard)
This approach offers excellent long-term results when followed diligently.
Ponseti method involving gentle manipulation and serial casting
Minor Achilles tendon release (tenotomy) when required
Long-term bracing to maintain correction
Surgical Treatment
Surgery is reserved for:
Surgery for resistant or recurrent deformities
Treatment for late-presenting or complex cases
Restoration of alignment while preserving flexibility and function